Issues:
Sections:
Issue 95
GENERAL BIOLOGY
UDK: 634.21:664.8
DYNAMICS OF COMMODITY-CONSUMER AND BIOCHEMICAL QUALITY INDICATORS OF SWEET CHERRY FRUITS DURING LONG-TERM REFRIGERATION STORAGE
GUSEYNOVA Batuch M.
Sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.) is a perishable product, therefore, the search for technological solutions that ensure high safety of its commodity-consumer, biochemical and other important properties over a long storage period is relevant. The purpose of the research is to study changes in quality of sweet cherries during long-term storage ( t = -18°C)of 3, 6 and 9 months; determination of optimal technological modes, methods and storage periods resulting in the best preservation of the initial properties of sweet cherries of the eight varieties: Valeriy Chkalov, Gudzon, Krupnoplodnaya, Polyanka, Buinakskaya chernaya, Daghestanka, Zhemchuzhnaya and Lezginka, grown in experimental plantings of the Daghestan breeding experimental station of fruit crops. The impact of modes and methods of their freezing on the quality indicators of fruits is studied: immersion in a liquid coolant (LC) at t = -18°С; in the air environment (AE) of the quick-freezing chamber ( t = -18°С and t = -30°С), as well as the duration of the storage periods of 3, 6 and 9 months at t = -18°С. The best preservation of food substances and commercial and consumer properties of fruits during storage is observed after their freezing in AE at t = -30°С, and the worst - at t = -18°С. After 9 months of storage in sweet cherries frozen in AE at t = -30°С, the mass concentration of sugars remained at the level of 84.6-88.3%, the amount of acids increased in the range of 7.6-10.5%, and the juice-retaining capacity during fruit defrosting altered from 88.3 to 92.3% depending on the variety. The difference in the dynamics of the above quality parameters in sweet cherries frozen by immersion in LC at t = -18°С had been less than 2.8% by the end of 9 months of storage compared to fruits frozen in AE at t = -30°С. In the studied assortment, Lezginka, Daghestanka and Valeriy Chkalov sweet cherry varieties are characterized by the best preservation of physicochemical and commodity-consumer properties during freezing and long-term storage of 9 months at t = -18°С.
Pages: 12 - 20
Date: 23.12.2024