Issues:
Sections:
Issue 98
HISTORY, ARCHAEOLOGY, ETHNOGRAPHY
UDK: 94(470.67)
THE ROLE OF GEOGRAPHICAL CONDITIONS AND HISTORICAL AND POLITICAL FACTORS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE MOUNTAIN COMMUNITIES OF DAGHESTAN
ALIEV Bagomed Gadaevich
This article analyzes the influence of geographic conditions alongside historical and political factors on the socio-political development of mountain societies in Daghestan. The study's significance lies in its systematic tracing of how these combined elements shaped a unique developmental trajectory. The analysis highlights how extreme topographic constraints, particularly the scarcity of arable land suitable for surplus-generating agriculture, confined these societies to a subsistence economy. This economic base, in turn, inhibited the growth of extensive trade networks and complex social stratification, thereby restraining the emergence of a differentiated class structure and a more developed societal form. Furthermore, the article examines the critical historical-political dimension, arguing that these societies crystallized as political entities following the fragmentation of early feudal principalities in the first centuries of the second millennium. This process involved decentralization, defeudalization, and a resurgence of communal norms. It is posited that external intervention significantly weakened local princely authority, ultimately tipping the balance in the internal class struggle in favor of the communal structure.
Pages: 88 - 96
Date: 30.11.2025